people particularly vulnerable to abuse, discrimination in the field of employment and results in denial of access to certain services. The results of the research “Violations of transgender people’s rights” carried out by the Transgender Legal Defence Project in 2015-201614 has shown that most transgender people in Russia face discrimination and violation of their rights because their legal documents do not match their gender identity. The majority of transgender individuals who took part in interviews and a survey reported that they deliberately refrain from purchasing goods and using services in order to avoid conflicts and stressful situations. Discrimination in the field of employment is one of the major problems faced by transgender individuals in Russia. According to the research, out of 29 recorded cases of violations of transgender people’s rights at workplace, in 15 cases trans individuals were denied employment, in 5 reported cases they lost their job, and in 9 cases they faced harassment and bullying at work. Apart from the broader institutional and structural violence transgender individuals in Russia face, discrimination takes place on a daily basis in the forms of harassment, bullying, assaults, and acts of violence. In 2016, LAVERNA conducted research on the current situation of transgender and queer individuals in the Siberian region.15 From February to June 2016, 98 people took part in the research across 11 geographical territories of the region. The alarming results of the research show that trans and queer communities in Siberia are severely affected by day-to-day transphobia from society as well as from the government, with 81% facing discrimination based on their gender identity in the forms of assaults, 70% facing transphobic speech from people they don’t know, and 11% mentioning beating as the most frequently faced form of transphobia. The vast majority of transgender individuals articulated a need for a stable income and a safe space as the crucial requirements to ensure an improvement in their quality of life. This is reflective of the highly problematic issue of employment, with frequent cases of discrimination at work and high levels-of-day to day transphobia and discrimination. Because of the transphobic environment in the Siberia region, trans and queer people have to hide their identity, which leads them to suffer from isolation and depression. According to LAVERNA’s research, 87% of respondents have thought about suicide and 33% have attempted suicide. 14 Available 15 Available in English: http://pravo-trans.eu/files/violation_of_the_rights_of_transgender_people_in_Russia-en.pdf in English: https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B0H8sgxlDeuAU2F1dzBNam41MGs/view

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