Legal gender recognition is the official procedure to change a trans person’s name and gender identifier in official registries and documents such as their birth certificate, ID card, passport or driving license. In some countries, it’s impossible to have your gender recognised by law. In other countries, the procedure is often long, difficult, and humiliating. Monitoring is a broad term describing the active collection, verification, and use of information to address human-rights problems over time. In the specific context of hate crimes, the purpose of monitoring is to document violence motivated by hatred and to draw the attention of national authorities or international organisations to the violation of recognised human rights. Sex is the classification of people as male or female. At birth infants are assigned a sex, usually based on the appearance of their external anatomy. However, a person’s sex, as defined by biology, is a combination of bodily characteristics including: chromosomes, hormones, internal and external reproductive organs, and secondary sex characteristics. Persons whose biological sex cannot be classified as either male or female are classified as intersex, however, they may identify as intersex persons, male, female, trans persons, or other. Sex work refers to adult sex workers of all genders who receive money or goods in exchange for sexual services, either regularly or occasionally. Transgender or trans is an umbrella term for people whose gender identity or expression differs from the sex assigned to them at birth and those people who wish to portray their gender identity in a different way to the sex they were assigned at birth. It includes those people who feel they have to, or prefer or choose to, whether through language, clothing, accessories, cosmetics or body modification, present themselves differently from the expectations of the gender role assigned to them at birth. This includes, among many others, transsexual and transgender people, transvestites, cross dressers, no gender, multigender, genderqueer people, including intersex and gender-variant people who relate to or identify as any of the above.